Showing posts with label Ducreux (artist). Show all posts
Showing posts with label Ducreux (artist). Show all posts

Saturday, 8 November 2014

Joseph Ducreux: Self Portrait of the Artist in the Guise of a Mockingbird

Today I return to my occasional series on works of art that have caught my eye though I think it would be fair to say that the painting I have chosen to feature is a little unusual. It is a portrait, though not a traditional one by any means, and it has gone on to enjoy a rich life in the modern era as the basis for a famous and popular meme, making it something of a one-off among Georgian artworks! 

Portrait of the Artist in the Guise of a Mockingbird by Joseph Ducreux, 1791


The painting is, of course, Joseph Ducreux's Portrait de l'artiste sous les traits d'un moqueur or, to give it its English title, Self Portrait of the Artist in the Guise of a Mockingbird. It was painted in 1791 and received its first exhibition in 1793, by which point Ducreaux was already well-established as a painter with some illustrious clients.

Ducreaux had painted Marie Antoinette prior to her marriage to the man who would become Louis XVI. She was so pleased with the work that Ducreaux was eventually named First Painter to the Queen, a somewhat controversial appointment given that he was not even a member of the Royal Academy of Painting and Sculpture! Still, what the queen wanted, the queen got, so the artist was duly honoured with the coveted title.

In addition to his celebrated portraiture, Ducreux also had something of a line in somewhat more unusual self-portraits, and this work is one of them. From within the canvas he presents an assured, self-possessed figure pointing and laughing directly at the audience. He strove to convey an impression of the character of the sitter through facial expression in these self-portraits, so shows himself here as a rambunctious, mischievous sort of fellow and one who absolutely must be the centre of attention.

Looking at this work we take away an impression of Ducreaux as a man full of character and possessed of a sense of fun and, I suspect, a rich vein of humour. This painting has become widely known in recent years across the internet; I wonder what Ducreaux would have made of that!

Saturday, 3 May 2014

Princess Élisabeth of France, A Most Loyal Sister

Princess Élisabeth of France (Élisabeth Philippine Marie Hélène de France, Versailles, France, 3rd May 1764 - Paris, France, 10th May 1794)


Élisabeth de France by Louise Élisabeth Vigée Le Brun
Élisabeth de France by Louise Élisabeth Vigée Le Brun

It seems like barely a week goes by without a trip to revolutionary France and today we are there again, this time to meet the lady known as Princess Élisabeth of France. Known as Madame Élisabeth, she was a loyal and loving sister of Louis XVI and remained with the doomed royal family to the very end.

Élisabeth birth was a far cry from the sad scenes that would close her life and she was born at the Palace of Versailles, daughter of Dauphin Louis and Marie-Josèphe of Saxony. Orphaned at the tender age of two, the little girl and her sister, Madame Clotilde, were raised Marie Louise de Rohan, comtesse de Marsan.

Under Marie Louise's tutelege they enjoyed an excellent education and Élisabeth soon showed herself to be a highly skilled artist as well as a pious young lady dedicated to her faith and family above all else. The thought of leaving France was one that the young Élisabeth refused to countenance and as a result she rebuffed discussions regarding a possible marriage to Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor. Instead, Élisabeth remained with the family she adored and she held true to this even when Revolution swept through France urging her brother to put down the people by force.



Élisabeth of France by Joseph Ducreux, 1768
Élisabeth of France by Joseph Ducreux, 1768

A passionate defender of the French monarchy, she wrote a letter to her brother,  Charles-Philippe, comte d'Artois, urging him to marshal military forces to come to her brother's aid. The letter was intercepted by the National Assembly and they began to regard Élisabeth with new eyes though even now her fate was not quite decided.


Further opportunities were presented for Élisabeth to leave the family and go to safety with her aunts yet she elected instead to join the ill-fated flight to Varennes, in the guise of a nursemaid. When the escape was thwarted she was returned to Paris with her family, providing much needed moral support as their situation became more desperate.


Madame Élisabeth by Adélaïde Labille-Guiard, 1788
Madame Élisabeth by Adélaïde Labille-Guiard, 1788

Following the Insurrection of 10th August 1792, she was imprisoned in the Temple Tower with the rest of the royal family. Élisabeth and her niece, Marie-Thérèse remained with Marie Antoinette until she was transferred to the Concierge on 2nd August 1793 and were never told of her death. The final letter written by the queen was addressed to Élisabeth but never reached her. Held in the Temple with the teenaged Marie-Thérèse, Élisabeth provided her niece with moral support and comfort, a familiar and friendly face at what must have been a terrifying time for the young girl.

Élisabeth presented something of a problem for the new administration and initially they hoped to exile her from the country yet it soon became apparent that she was not willing to go quietly. Accused of aiding her brother's escape attempts, she remained defiant at her trial and spoke passionately to the Tribunal in support of her family and the monarchy.  There was no question of what the verdict would be and she was duly pronounced guilty and sentenced to death.



Madame Élisabeth as a Vestal Virgin by Charles Le Clerq, 1780s
Madame Élisabeth as a Vestal Virgin by Charles Le Clerq, 1780s

The Princess was one of two dozen prisoners who were condemned to be executed on the same day and as she waited for her turn on the scaffold Élisabeth provided support and prayers for those who were due to die alongside her. Élisabeth mounted the steps to the scaffold with dignity, showing no fear to the crowd that had gathered to watch and following her death she was interred in a mass grave at the Cimetière des Errancis.

Following the Restoration, Louis XVIII attempted to recover her remains but they were unidentifiable. Instead, the Princess is remembered with a memorial dedicated to her name in
 the Basilica of Saint Denis.



Life in the Georgian Court, true tales of 18th century royalty, is available at the links below.

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